[SYMBOL]
[A]
[B]
[C]
[D]
[E]
[F]
[G]
[H]
[I]
[J]
[K]
[L]
[M]
[N]
[O]
[P]
[Q]
[R]
[S]
[T]
[U]
[V]
[W]
[X]
[Y]
[Z]
" (double quote)
escaping
# (pound sign), with printf( )
$ (dollar sign) $! variable
$#ARRAY variable
$$ variable
2nd
3rd
$& variable
2nd
$* variable (deprecated)
$+ variable
$. variable
2nd
$/ variable
$; variable
$? variable
2nd
3rd
4th
$@ variable
2nd
$^F variable
$^I variable
$^O variable
2nd
$^W variable
$_ variable
2nd
3rd
accidental clobbering
outlawing unauthorized use
$` variable
$| variable
2nd
$0 variable
2nd
$1, $2, . . . (backreferences)
2nd
finding doubled words
$VERSION variable (use pragma)
hashes
% (percent sign) %SIG hash
hashes
& (ampersand), && operator
> (right angle bracket), file-access modes
2nd
< (left angle bracket) <&= and <& open modes
<=> numerical comparison operator
<FH> line input operator
file-access modes
2nd
<> (angle brackets)
globbing
line input operator
reading strings from binary files
' (single quote)
escaping
( ) (parentheses)
autouse pragma
prototyping functions
substitution
* (asterisk), typeglobs
+ (plus sign), file-access modes
, (comma) in numbers
printing lists with
- (hyphen) -> (arrow) operator
2nd
-> (infix) notation
-0 command-line option
-a command-line option, writing filters
-e command-line option, writing filters
-i command-line option modifying files with
writing filters
-I command-line switch
-n command-line option, writing filters
-p command-line option modifying files with
writing filters
-t command-line option
- (minus sign), modifiers and
-C command-line switch
. (dot) . . and . . . range operators
period in numbers
/ (forward slash) /e substitution modifier
2nd
/g pattern-matching modifier
finding Nth matches
where last pattern ended
/i pattern-matching modifier
/m pattern-matching modifier
multiple lines
/o pattern-matching modifier
/s pattern-matching modifier
multiple lines
/x pattern modifier
comments in regular expressions
root directory
: (colon) module names
package names
= (equals sign) => operator
=~ operator
=begin pod directive
=end pod directive
@ (at sign) @_ array
@EXPORT array (use pragma)
@EXPORT_OK array (use pragma)
@EXPORT_TAGS array (use pragma)
@INC array
references to arrays
splice( )
[] (square brackets)
creating anonymous arrays and hashes
\ (backslash) \1, \2, . . . (backreferences)
\a for terminal bell
\E string metacharacter
\G anchor
\L string escape
\l string escape
\U string escape
\u string escape
\X metacharacter
` string metacharacter
creating arrays
creating references
escaping characters
references to arrays
references to scalars
_ (underscore), file stat cache
` (backtick) executing commands without shell escapes
expanding
gathering program output
running another program
{} (curly braces)
creating anonymous arrays and hashes
| (vertical bar) || operator vs. or operator
separating multiple comparisons
||= (assignment) operator
~ (tilde), in filenames, expanding
-0 command-line option
$0 variable
|