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JavaScript Glossary 		 Language Reference 

 
ASCII Character Set
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) 7-bit character set widely used to represent letters and symbols found on a standard U.S. keyboard. The ASCII character set is the same as the first 128 characters (0–127) in the ANSI character set.

 
Automation object
An object that is exposed to other applications or programming tools through Automation interfaces.

 
bitwise comparison
A bit-by-bit comparison of identically positioned bits in two numeric expressions.

 
Boolean expression
An expression that evaluates to either true or false. Non-Boolean expressions are converted to Boolean values, when necessary, according to the following rules:
  • All objects are considered true.
  • Strings are considered false if and only if they are empty.
  • null and undefined are considered false.
  • Numbers are considered false if and only if they are zero.

 
character code
A number that represents a particular character in a set, such as the ASCII character set.

 
class
The formal definition of an object. The class acts as the template from which an instance of an object is created at run time. The class defines the properties of the object and the methods used to control the object's behavior.

 
comment
Text added to code by a programmer that explains how the code works. In JavaScript, a comment line generally starts with //. Use the /* and */ delimiters to create a multiline comment.

 
comparison operator
A character or symbol indicating a relationship between two or more values or expressions. These operators include less than (<), less than or equal to (<=), greater than (>), greater than or equal to (>=), not equal (!=), and equal (==).

 
compound statement
A sequence of statements enclosed in braces ({}). Can be used to perform multiple tasks any time a single statement is expected.

 
constructor
A JavaScript function that has two special features:
  • It is invoked by the new operator.
  • It is passed the address of a newly created object through the this keyword.
Use constructors to initialize new objects.

 
expression
A combination of keywords, operators, variables, and literals that yield a string, number, or object. An expression can perform a calculation, manipulate characters, call a function, or test data.

 
intrinsic object
An object that is part of the standard JavaScript language. These objects are available to all scripts. The intrinsic objects in JavaScript are Array, Boolean, Date, Function, Global, Math, Number, Object, RegExp, Regular Expression, and String.

 
local time
The time on a computer, either a client or server, from where a script is executed.

 
locale
The set of information that corresponds to a given language and country. A locale affects the language of predefined programming terms and locale-specific settings. There are two contexts where locale information is important:
  • The code locale affects the language of terms such as keywords and defines locale-specific settings such as the decimal and list separators, date formats, and character sorting order.
  • The system locale affects the way locale-aware functionality behaves, for example, when you display numbers or convert strings to dates. You set the system locale using the Control Panel utilities provided by the operating system.

 
null
A value indicating that a variable contains no valid data. null is the result of:
  • An explicit assignment of null to a variable.
  • Any operation between expressions that contain null.

 
numeric expression
Any expression that can be evaluated as a number. Elements of the expression can include any combination of keywords, variables, literals, and operators that result in a number. In certain circumstances, strings are also converted to numbers if possible.

 
primitive
A data type that is part of the JavaScript language and manipulated by value. The data types in JavaScript considered to be primitive are number, Boolean, string, and function. Objects and arrays are not primitive data types.

 
property
A named attribute of an object. Properties define object characteristics such as size, color, and screen location, or the state of an object, such as enabled or disabled.

 
run-time error
An error that occurs when code is running. A run-time error results when a statement attempts an invalid operation.

 
scope
Defines the visibility of a variable, procedure, or object. Variables declared in functions are visible only within the function and lose their value between calls.

 
string comparison
A comparison of two sequences of characters. Unless specified in the function making the comparison, all string comparisons are binary. In English, binary comparisons are case-sensitive; text comparisons are not.

 
string expression
Any expression that evaluates to a sequence of continuguous characters. Elements of a string expression can include a function that returns a string, a string literal, a String object, or a string variable.

 
undefined
A special value given to variables after they are created and before a value has been assigned to them.

 
Universal Coordinated Time (UTC)
Universal Coordinated Time, which refers to the time as set by the World Time Standard. Previously referred to as Greenwich Mean time or GMT.

 
user-defined object
An object is one that is created by a user in source code.

 
variable
A location used for storing and manipulating values by name. As JavaScript is loosely typed, a single variable can hold different types of data over the course of a script.

 
wrapper
An object that is created to provide an object-style interface to some other type of data. The Number and Boolean objects are examples of wrapper objects.
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