3.2. Elements and Attributes

I'm not sure why, but there seems to be a law stating that the sections of books intended for reference must be both dry and boring. Please bear with me as I try to conform to this law while describing the relationship between elements and attributes. Unfortunately, the American educational system falls short when attempting to teach students how to write in a monotone, but I'll do my best.

3.2.1. A Very Brief Overview of XHTML Elements and Their Attributes

In the interest of being boring, I put together Table 3-1 which covers attributes along with the elements associated with them. Because this is a high-level overviewsay, around 30,000 feetthere isn't much beyond the "this element goes with that attribute" kind of thing. However, it is important to remember two things when referring to this table.

Table 3-1. XHTML Elements and Associated Attributes

Element	Description	Deprecated	Attributes
a	Anchor		accesskey, charset, class, coords, dir, href, hreflang, id, lang, name, onblur, onclick, ondblclick, onfocus, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, rel, rev, shape, style, tabindex, target, title, type
abbr	Abbreviated		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
acronym			class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
address	Author information		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
applet	Java applet	Yes	align, alt, archive, class, code, codebase, height, hspace, id, name, object, style, title, vspace, width
area	Client-side image map area		accesskey, alt, class, coords, dir, href, id, lang, nohref, onblur, onclick, ondblclick, onfocus, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, shape, style, tabindex, target, title
b	Bold		class, dir, id, lang, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
base	Base URI of document		href, lang, target
basefont	Document base font size	Yes	color, face, id, size
bdo	BiDi override		class, id, lang, style, title
big	Large text		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
blockqoute	Block quotation		cite
body	Document body		alink, background, bgcolor, class, dir, id, lang, link, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onload, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, onunload, style, text, title, vlink
br	Line break		class, clear, id, style, title
button	Button object		accesskey, class, dir, disabled, id, lang, name, onblur, onclick, ondblclick, onfocus, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, tabindex, title, type, value
caption	Table caption		align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style and title
center	Center contents	Yes	class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
code	Code fragment		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
col	Table column		align, char, charoff, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title, valign, width
colgroup	Table column group		align, char, charoff, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, span, style, title, valign, width
dd	Definition description		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
del	Deleted text		cite, class, datetime, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
dfn	Instance definition		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
dir	Directory list	Yes	class, compact, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
div	Style container		align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
dl	Definition list		class, compact, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
dt	Definition term		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
em	Emphasis		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
fieldset	Form control group		class, dir, id, lang, style, title
font	Font change	Yes	class, color, dir, face, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, size, style, title
form	Input form		accept-charset, accept, action, class, dir, enctype, id, lang, method, name, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, onreset, onsubmit, style, target, title
frame	Frameset window		class, frameborder, id, longdesc, marginheight, marginwidth, name, noresize, scrolling, src, style, title, width
frameset	Collection of window subdivisions		class, cols, id, onload, onunload, style, title
h1	Heading		align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
h2	Heading		align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
h3	Heading		align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
H4	Heading		align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
H5	Heading		align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
h6	Heading		align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
head	HTML document head		dir, lang, profile
hr	Horizontal rule		align, class, dir, id, lang, noshade, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, size, style, title, width
html	HTML document root		dir, lang, version
i	Italic		class, dir, id, lang, marginwidth, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
iframe	Inline frame		align, class, frameborder, height, id, longdesc, marginheight, name, scrolling, src, style, title
img	Embedded image		align, alt, border, class, dir, height, hspace, id, ismap, lang, longdesc, name, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, src, style, title, usemap, vspace, width
input	Form input control		accept, accesskey, align, alt, checked, class, dir, disabled, id, ismap, lang, maxlength, name, onblur, onchange, onclick, ondblclick, onfocus, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, onselect, readonly, size, src, style, tabindex, title, type, usemap, value
ins	Inserted text		cite, class, datetime, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
isindex	Single-line input prompt	Yes	class, dir, id, lang, prompt, style, title
kbd	Keyboard text entry		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
label	Form text field		accesskey, for, onblur, onfocus
legend	Fieldset legend		accesskey, align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
li	List item		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, style, title, title, type, value
link	Media-independent link		charset, class, dir, href, hreflang, id, lang, media, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, rel, rev, style, target, title
map	Client-side image map		class, dir, id, lang, name, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
menu	Menu list	Yes	class, compact, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
meta	Document meta-information		content, dir, http-equiv, lang, name, scheme
noframes	Alternate text when frames are not supported		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup,onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
noscript	Alternate text when JavaScript is not supported		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
object	Embedded object		align, archive, border, class, classid, codebase, codetype, data, declare, dir, height, hspace, id, lang, name, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, standby, style, tabindex, title, usemap, vspace, width
ol	Ordered list		class, compact, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, start, style, style, title, title, type
optgroup	Option group		class, dir, disabled, id, label, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
option	Select option		class, dir, disabled, id, label, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, selected, style, title, value
p	Paragraph		align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
param	Applet/object parameter		id, name, type, value, valuetype
pre	Preformatted text		class, dir, id, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title, width
q	Inline quotation		cite, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
s	Strike-through	Yes	class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
samp	Sample		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
script	Container for scripts		charset, defer, language, src, type
select	Option select		class, dir, disabled, id, lang, multiple, onblur, onchange, onclick, ondblclick, onfocus, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, size, style, tabindex, title
small	Small text		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
span	Style container		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
strike	Strike-through	Yes	class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
strong	Strong emphasis		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
style	CSS		class, dir, lang, media, type
sub	Subscript		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
sup	Superscript		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
table	HTML table		align, bgcolor, border, cellpadding, cellspacing, class, dir, frame, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, rules, style, summary, title, width
tbody	Table body		align, char, charoff, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title, valign
TD	Table data cell		abbr, align, axis, bgcolor, char, charoff, class, colspan, dir, headers, height, id, id, lang, nowrap, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, rowspan, scope, style, title, valign, width
textarea	Multiline text-input area		accesskey, class, cols, dir, disabled, id, lang, name, onblur, onchange, onclick, ondblclick, onfocus, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, onselect, readonly, rows, style, tabindex, title
tfoot	Table footer		align, char, charoff, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title, valign
th	Table header cell		abbr, align, axis, bgcolor, char, charoff, class, colspan, dir, headers, height, id, lang, nowrap, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, rowspan, scope, style, title, valign
thead	Table header		align, char, charoff, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title, valign, width
title	Document title		cite, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
tr	Table row		align, bgcolor, char, charoff, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title, valign
tt	Teletype text style		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
u	Underlined	Yes	class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title
ul	Unordered list		class, compact, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title, type
var	Variable		class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title

The first is that although this table was created from the request for HTML 4.01, it is by no means gospel. There will always be web browsers that either don't support select attributes and/or elements, and browsers that add some of their own. Also, if you recall our escapade with binding XML and HTML, web browsers don't get the least bit cranky if developers make up their own attributes and elements, or even use onchange when it should have been onclick.

3.2.2. Frames Both Hidden and Visible

The question is, exactly what purpose can HTML frames serve in the brave new world of Ajax applications?

To be perfectly honest, I don't exactly know, but I can offer some possible suggestions.

The first suggestion that I can offer is to use an IFRAME with CSS positioning instead of either a JavaScript alert or a JavaScript prompt to convey information to and from the visitor. Not only would it allow for additional opportunities regarding the physical layout, but it wouldn't have the stigma associated with pop-ups. In fact, it might even provide a way around some popup-blocking software.

Here's how it would work: A zero-sized IFRAME would be created along with the original page. When needed, it could be moved about the page using CSS positioning and could be resized to display the required information. The source of the information could be from the page's JavaScript, another page on the web server, or a web service.

My second suggestion is to use the frames, especially hidden ones, as somewhere to cache information. I'm not only referring to the garden variety forms of information, such as XML or XSL stylesheets, but also to in-line Cascading Style Sheets. Imagine the reaction of visitors discovering that they can customize their browsing experience on a website that already feels like an application. Think along the likes of using the CSS from the fifth IFRAME for Bob, and you'll get the idea.

The same technique can also be used to cache large XML documents, of the kind that eat up bandwidth. Caching whole or nearly whole pages that don't often load is also a possibility, as with the Items page from earlier examples. Instead of retrieving the XML every time the visitor wanders to the page, just build the page once and cache. This would also have the advantage of further increasing application speed.

3.2.3. Roll Your Own Elements and Attributes

We use Microsoft Internet Explorer's XML element in both IE and Firefox. The interesting thing is that, unlike Internet Explorer, Firefox doesn't support the XML element, so how exactly did it work? According to several recommendations published by the World Wide Web Consortium, when an unrecognized document element is encountered, it needs to be handled gracefully. Most likely, this is a "plan for future expansion" thing.

Think about it; this makes a great deal of sense because if you go without it, boom, the web browser would just roll over and die whenever somebody with sausage fingers mistyped a tag. The World Wide Web wouldn't be a pretty sight without this feature. Interestingly, the same feature is also available for attributes, which explains how the home-grown data binding works.

A number of times in the past, I took advantage of this in regard to attributes. I took advantage of this little trick in several different ways, but I have a couple of favorites. The first was stashing the original values of HTML input objects for the purposes of resets. Click a button, and a client-side JavaScript event handler would update the value attribute from the oldvalue attribute.

Another one of my favorite uses was to use it as a "value has changed" indicator. This indicator would be checked when the form was submitted. Based upon the result of a test, any number of actions could be taken, including producing a client-side error message.

However, my most favorite was to stash other options for selects. You see, the system that I worked on had pages with several HTML select objects with the contents of each select based upon the selection made in the previous select. Originally, whenever a visitor came to the website and made a selection, that visitor was forced to wait through an unload/reload for each selection.

The "mad scientist" solution was to create a series of attributes consisting of the various attributes. Each select had an onchange event handler that would update the options of the next logical select object. Although this wasn't an Ajax application, the change that I made gave it one of the same characteristics; it didn't bother the server any more than absolutely necessary.

3.2.4. A Little CSS

Before the introduction of Cascading Style Sheets, when a developer wanted to change the font name or color, there was only one option, the HTML FONT element. If you've never seen a page written using the FONT element, consider yourself lucky for наруто портал. They were bloated, like a balloon in the Macy's Thanksgiving Day parade.

They also seemed to attract managers who felt the need to change the font from 11 point to 12 point or use color for bold text. "You know, it would look better in Magenta or Peach Puff." So there I was looking up the RGB values for Magenta (#FF00FF) and Peach Puff (#FFDAB9), which was much easier than hunting throughout the document looking for all the FONT elements . Needless to say, the day I found out that the FONT element was deprecated was one of my happiest days.

Now instead of being forced to use the HTML FONT element, I'm presented with a choice. Basically, it comes down to setting the font for the document as a whole, individual element types, or individual elements. This presents a quandary, unless, of course, you're like me: a bad typist in a career that requires typing. In that case, I recommend applying Cascading Style Sheets in the following manner:

Finally, because the main purpose of this chapter is to serve as a reference, there is Table 3-2, whose purpose is to describe some of the more common CSS 1 elements.

Table 3-2. Some of the More Common CSS 1 Elements

Property	CSS	Description
font-family	1	Sets the font name or font family name
font-style	1	Either normal, italics, or oblique
font-variant	1	Either normal or small-caps
font-weight	1	Either normal, bold, bolder, lighter, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, or 900.
font-size	1	Size of the font as an absolute, relative, length, or percentage
font	1	Sets all font properties at once
color	1	Sets the color for the element specified
background-color	1	Sets the background color for an element
background-image	1	Sets the background image for an element
background-repeat	1	Sets the repeat for the background image
background-attachment	1	Sets the scroll for the background image
background-position	1	Sets the position of the background image
background	1	Sets all background properties at once
word-spacing	1	Sets the spacing between words
letter-spacing	1	Sets the spacing between letters
text-decoration	1	Sets the text decoration: blink, linethrough, none, overline, or underline
vertical-align	1	Sets the vertical positioning: baseline, bottom, middle, percentage, sub, super, text-bottom, text-top, or top
text-transform	1	Sets the text transformation: capitalize, lowercase, none, or uppercase
text-align	1	Sets the text alignment: left, right, center, or justify
text-indent	1	Sets the indent property for container elements
line-height	1	Sets the spacing between lines
margin-top	1	Sets the property as a percentage, length, or auto
margin-right	1	Sets the property as a percentage, length, or auto
margin-bottom	1	Sets the property as a percentage, length, or auto
margin-left	1	Sets the property as a percentage, length, or auto
margin	1	Sets all margin properties at once
padding-top	1	Sets the property as either a percentage or a length
padding-left	1	Sets the property as either a percentage or a length
padding-right	1	Sets the property as either a percentage or a length
padding-bottom	1	Sets the property as either a percentage or a length
padding	1	Sets all the padding properties at once
border-top-width	1	Sets the property to thin, medium, thick, or length
border-bottom-width	1	Sets the property to thin, medium, thick, or length
border-right-width	1	Sets the property to thin, medium, thick, or length
border-left-width	1	Sets the property to thin, medium, thick, or length
border-width	1	Sets all of the border properties at once
border-color	1	Sets the color of the border
border-style	1	Sets the border style to one of the following: none, dotted, dashed, solid, double, groove, ridge, inset, or outset
border-top	1	Sets the border width, style, and color
border-bottom	1	Sets the border width, style, and color
border-right	1	Sets the border width, style, and color
border-left	1	Sets the border width, style, and color
border	1	Sets the border width, style, and color for all the borders at once
width	1	Sets the width for an element
height	1	Sets the height for an element
float	1	Indicates that text can wrap around an element
clear	1	Specifies whether floating elements can float to the side
display	1	Sets how and whether an element will display: lock, inline, list-item, or none
white-space	1	Sets how whitespace is treated: normal, pre, or nowrap.
list-style-type	1	Specifies the type of a list item marker: disc, circle, square, decimal, lower-roman, upper-roman, lower-alpha, upper-alpha, or none
list-style-image	1	Sets the image
list-style-position	1	Sets the position
list-style	1	Sets all the list-style properties at once

Although Cascading Style Sheets is about as different as you can get from HTML/XHTML, they work togetheractually, they work together extremely well. Before the adoption of CSS, the task of giving web pages a common look and feel was handled using the font tag, which, thankfully, has been deprecated (or, as I like to think of it, taken out and shot!). Sorry, I have never liked the font tag since the time a little cosmetic change to a web page took 2 days, mostly because there were about 700 instances scattered throughout a page. Think of the combination of technologies as a kind of synergy, like deuterium and a fission bomb or peanut butter and chocolate.